TIBETAN HANDICRAFT
Like the handicraft of any other country, Tibetan handicraft has a particular historical, religious, and socio-cultural significance. Tibet is enormously rich in its handicrafts, which enjoy its uniqueness and sophistication. Today, Tibetan handicrafts culture and its daily utility have spread around the Himalayas region and in various communities where they practice Tibetan Buddhism across the globe. The intricate design of these handicrafts is deeply entrenched in nature and its phenomena like stars, flowers, earth, trees, and flowers or Buddhists symbols. Either way, it somehow holds a special religious significance like widespread use of color of five natural elements; earth, water, fire, air, and skies like prayer flags or the eight auspicious signs.  This could be due to two main reasons: firstly, the practice of animism and its worship of nature's element in the pre-Buddhist era in Tibet. Secondly, Buddhism has rich visual cultures like murals on monastic walls, thangka paintings, or various ritual and holy objects.   From the hills of Potala to the streets of Lhasa, the traditional handicrafts attract the minds and hearts of Tibetans as it invokes a true sense of pride of its rich culture but also the eyes of those tourists with a great fascination and wonder. As the traditional Tibetan handicrafts embody high artistic precision and skill and are mostly done on quality material. However, there has been a significant shift in the traditional handicraft market in the recent past as authentic conventional items have been replaced by low labor cost machine manufactured products from India and Nepal. These are cheaper, readily available, and do not require careful maintenance. In turn, it somehow induces a friendly market to both Tibetans and tourists. This is an unavoidable part and parcel of globalization and marketization despite many complaining how it undermines the traditional handicrafts. Apart from the serenity and beauty of the Tibetan plateau, Tibetan handicrafts remain one of the main tourist attractions. These range from the beauty and belief of mystic power of multi-colored wind-waving prayer flags to the enchanting sound of the singing bowls, to the bold knives or, more so, the medallion loom carpet and so forth. Despite a great deal of tourist attraction, it largely remains esoteric in terms of the meaning, source, and evolution of these symbols and patterns even amongst the Tibetans. Very few study the nature and function of these handicrafts in the past and how it has evolved over the centuries. Some of the most famous Tibetan handicrafts and their uses and history make them special from the rest of the world's handicrafts, is   Thangka is a Tibetan Buddhist scroll painting, often with Buddha or Mandela. THANGKA is a Tibetan word that means so much as the recorded message. In Tibet, the image of thangka was an essential and highly developed means of expression through which the entire Buddhist philosophy could be explained. It still has a function; thangka is used in temples and monasteries and is hung above the altars to support Buddhist meditation and practice. A Buddha painting also helps your Tibetan Buddhist meditations as it shows you how to visualize the deity. Traditionally, Tibetan monks and lama used the thangka to instruct the Buddhist dharma teaching to the population by pointing at different thangka and illustrating the stories. Thangka is also on the ceremonial festival in Tibet by Tibetan monasteries possess giant scroll that is unrolled for public viewing.  To sketch the Buddha figure and Mandela in thangka, the artist needs an exact knowledge of the proportions and measurements of each deity as established by artistic practice and Buddhist iconography. This unique and traditional art of thangka painting is preserved and passed on through the lineage of thangka master and their student. After many years of training, they become masters themselves and then pass it on to other generations.   Tibetan carpet, in every Tibetan house, there is an attractive Tibetan cushion. The most beautiful part is that buffers are embodied with swimming dragons, running deer, flying phoenixes, flying butterflies, mountains, and waters. Besides that, the embroidery of some cushions may also include historical stories, tales, etc. the pillows are made from pure sheep wool. The pigment is the local product that makes cushions colorful. They are hand-knitted. The patterns and materials are exceptional and various. Apart from Tibetan cushions, there are Tibetan carpets, including backing carpets, saddle carpets, sleeping carpets, and ordinary carpets. All of them are produced with similar procedures. The size varies from less than one square meter or more than ten square meters. Tibetan carpets hold a long history, and they have famous all over the world. Tibetan carpets involve complicating craftworks, reflecting the intelligence and skill of Tibetan people. The arts are a combination of practicality and charm. Knives; Tibetan knives are traditional and well-known handicrafts with a peculiar style. They are inseparable in the life of herders. Tibetan uses them as tools to defend, slaughter livestock, and eat meat, and in Amdo and Kham, sidemen and women wear as part of their traditional clothes to display their value. People may focus on knives' practicality, sharpness, decoration, shape, etc. there are two categories for men and women. Men's knives tend to be more curly and shaper, while women's are delicate. Knives are usually made of fine steel, with other materials like bronze, silver, iron, shark skin, ox horn, agate, and wood for decoration. Moreover, some of them are studded with gems like coral, turquoise, pearls, etc. thus. They are more expensive than regular knives. The production process is very complicated.   Masks are types of facial make-up in opera, the pattern of the make-up. It is a Tibetan sculpture. There is one more special kind of handicraft-masks called Ba in Tibetan and is mainly used in various performances. They are divided into a dance to worship deity mask, hanging mask, and Tibetan opera mask. Tibetan masks usually have an inclination to expression and symbolization, which is extensive and exaggerated. The styles of Tibetan masks are diverse from region to region.   So overall, Tibetan carpets, knives, rugs, aprons, folk costumes, national shoes and caps, gold and silver ornaments, incenses, and other traditional handicrafts are made by conventional folk arts and crafts. Bakor Street in Lhasa is the most famous place for these commodities and is an ancient and sacred place.  
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